Understanding the Linux filesystem hierarchy and core components
Essential user command binaries
$ ls /binSystem-wide configuration files
$ cd /etcUser home directories
$ cd ~User programs and libraries
$ ls /usr/binVariable data files
$ ls /var/logVirtual filesystem for process info
$ cat /proc/cpuinfoKernel and device information
$ ls /sys/classDevice files
$ ls /dev/sd*Temporary files
$ mktemp -p /tmpTemporary mount points
$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mntSystem activity records
$ journalctl -xeScheduled tasks
$ crontab -eSystemd management
$ systemctl list-unitsHardware drivers
$ lsmodSoftware management
$ dpkg -l | grep packageFilesystem mounts
$ sudo nano /etc/fstabUser accounts
$ getent passwdSSH server config
$ sudo systemctl restart sshdHostname resolution
$ cat /etc/hostsDNS configuration
$ resolvectl statusProcessor information
$ lscpuRAM details
$ free -hConnected hardware
$ lspciConnected peripherals
$ lsusbStorage devices
$ lsblk💡 Pro Tip: Use man hier to view the full filesystem hierarchy documentation!